How to test a gem
In most jewelry stores, you can find several types of stones – grown gems, synthesized crystals that are not found in nature, glass imitations, doublets glued together from two minerals, and real gems. The latter, of course, have the greatest value and cost.
Information on whether synthetic stone or natural stone should be indicated on the product label. However, if you are in doubt, try checking the gem.
It is not difficult to distinguish imitation glass from natural stone due to its high fragility.
Diamond is known as the hardest crystal. If the stone you choose is a diamond, the seller is unlikely to object to having it sampled on glass. When you run one of the edges over it, there should be a clear scratch. You can also test a diamond with water. A real crystal in water will shine, and a synthetic one will practically disappear.
To check an emerald, take a 10x magnifying glass and look at the pattern of the structure of the stone. If you see the characteristic twisted veils, spiral or tubular patterns, then you have a synthetic emerald.
The authenticity of grenades is checked using a magnet and scales. This stone has a good magnetic attraction. If you put it on the scales and balance them with a weight, and then bring the magnet closer to the stone (at a distance of 10-12 mm), then the balance will be disturbed.
When checking a ruby, first of all, pay attention to color and clarity. Large, intensely colored and flawless in nature, they practically do not occur.
The authenticity of a sapphire can be seen with a magnifying glass. A synthetic stone will necessarily contain gas bubbles, gold and platinum inclusions, microstructures and color zones.
Natural topaz can be identified by touch – it is very slippery. In addition, synthetic topaz is usually too perfect.
You can recognize real zircon without any special tools – its brilliance is very similar to the sparkle of a diamond.
The first sign of natural amber is its electrification. The second way to identify a real stone is to run a knife blade over it. Natural amber will crumble, while synthetic amber will chip. The third way to recognize amber is to dip it into a saline solution (10 teaspoons per glass of water). All amber imitations, except polystyrene, will sink.
Real pearls are quite expensive, cheapness is a sign of artificial. Try a pearl on your tooth – a real one will creak, but an artificial one will not.
Real emerald, sapphire, aquamarine, rock crystal and quartz can be identified by temperature. If you take a natural stone with tweezers and touch it with your tongue, it will be cold.
When buying items with precious stones, be sure to keep the labels and sales receipts indicating all the characteristics of the jewelry. If you are sold a fake, you will be able to defend your rights in court.
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